洞庭湖区湿地生物资源特征及生态系统评价

洞庭湖湿地是我国最大的淡水湖泊湿地生态景观系统，生态资源十分丰富，其中植物资源1428种，鸟类资源216种，鱼类资源119种，哺乳类22种，两栖爬行类27种及其它大量的野生生物资源。根据生物资源的分布状对湖区湿地生态系统进行了分类，即环湖丘岗生态系统，湖州草滩生态系统，湖岸带生态系统，浅水层生态系统、深水层生态系统。在此基础上，对湖区湿地生态系统的功能效益进行了综合评价。按直接利用价值和间接利用价值进行了分类，最后对湿地生物资源保护和开发中存在的问题，并就今后本区湿地生物资源的保护和利用提出了一些设想和建议。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES AND THE EVALUATION OF THE WETL AND ECOSYSTEM IN DONGTING LAKE AREA

The Dongting Lake area is the largest lacustrine wetland ecosystem in China,where biological resources are very plentiful,which include 1428 species of plants,216 species of birds, 119 species of fishes,27 species of amphibians and retile,22 species of mammals and a great number of other wild living things.According to the distribution of biological resources,the lake wetland ecosystems,are classified into lake-surrounding hill ecosystem,grass-strand ecosystem,lake-beach ecosystem,shallow-water ecosystem,and deep-water ecosystem.The functions of those ecosystems are evaluated with their dircet and indirect utilizable values,the exsting problems of the protection and development of wetland biological resources are analysed,and some suggestions are put forward.