基于景观格局和水土流失敏感性的大理市生态脆弱性分析

以大理市为研究对象，在2005年大理市土地利用现状数据的基础上，从景观格局与水土流失敏感性相结合角度探讨了大理区域生态环境脆弱性问题。首先，选择景观分离度（DIVISION）、周长面积比分维数（PAF-RAC）的倒数、斑块密度（PD）3个景观格局指数，分析了景观类型脆弱度；并在此基础上，以1：5万的土地利用类型数据和DEM数据为基础，以ARC／INF09．2为工具，依据通用水土流失方程，选择降水侵蚀力、土壤质地、地形起伏度和地表覆盖等自然因子作为水土流失评价指标，得出水土流失敏感性指数。通过对景观格局指数和水土流失敏感性修正指数的数值分析和空间分析，得出了大理市不敏感、轻度敏感、中度敏感、高度敏感和极度敏感等5个生态脆弱性级别分区及其空间分布特征。

ANALYSIS ON THE ECOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY OF DALI CITY BASED ON ITS LANDSCAPE PATTERN AND SENSITIVITY TO SOIL AND WATER LOSS

Based on the land-use data of Daft in 2005, the ecological vulnerability of Dali was assessed using a combined landscape pattern and sensitivity to soil erosion. First, the DIVISION, the reciprocal of PAFRAC and PD were used to analyze the type of landscape vulnerability. Further, based on the 1 ： 50000 land-used data and the DEM, the sensitivity index of soil erosion has been reached using ARC/INFO9.2, with the the evaluation index of soil erosion which was chosen by the natural factors such as rainfall erosivity, the soil texture, terrain ups and downs and surface coverage according to general equation of soil erosion. And Dali ecological vulnerability has been divided into 5 classes that were not sensitive region, less sensitive one, medium sensitive, very sensitive and extremly senstive ones. At last, the spatial distributive characteristics have been concluded.