贵州森林的空间格局及组成结构

利用ArcGIS，对贵州省2000年所作的森林资源连续清查遥感判读样点数据进行处理和分析，提取了森林资源分布图、林龄结构分布图、郁闭度分布图等系列森林景观图；分析结果表明：（1）贵州森林植被类型多样，但覆盖率相对较低，全省森林覆盖率为25.27%（不含疏林、灌木林、未成林造林地面积）；（2）森林地理分布不均匀，主要分布在黔东南及北部的遵义地区；（3）地带性植被常绿阔叶林破坏严重，森林具有明显的次生性，表现为针叶林和灌木林所占比重大；（4）林种结构的特点是用材林占比重大，防护林、经济林所占比重小；（5）林龄结构的特点是幼中龄林为主，近成过熟林面积、蓄积比重都相对较小；（6）贵州森林不能充分发挥森林植被对喀斯特山区生态环境的保护功能。

Spatial Pattern and Component Structure of Forests in Guizhou

ArcGIS processing of remote sensed and investigated data of Guizhou forest resources in 2000 gives rise to forest resource distribution map, forest age class structure, and the distribution map of forest canopy. Ana lysis of these data shows that: (1) though there are multiple types of fores t resources, forest coverage is low (only 25.27%, excluding sparse woodl and, shrub and underage-forest);(2) the geographical distribution of fo rests is quite uneven, mainly in the southeast of the province and i n Zunyi prefecture; (3) the zonal evergreen broad-leaved forests have b een seriously destroyed, and the forest has obvious secondary features, with coniferous forest and shrubbery accounting for the greatest proportion of Guizhou forest; (4) the area of timber-forest is much larger than th at of shelter-forest and economic forest; (5) young-and-middle age fores ts account for greater proportion than near-and-over matured forest; an d (6) the forest of Guizhou is not enough to effectively protect the e nvironment of karst mountain areas of the province.