青海器测时期以来气温变化特征

利用青海省26个代表站1961～2002年气温月资料,给出了加权平均的气温标准序列,分析了青海近42年来气温变化特征.结果表明：青海气温呈上升趋势,升温率为每10年0.25℃.年平均气温20世纪60年代最低,70年代起气温逐渐升高,进入90年代后升幅最为明显,并达到年代平均气温最高值.气温变化存在明显的季节性和地区性差异,最高和最低气温变化趋势普遍存在不对称性.青海气温变化趋势与同期全国气温变化趋势基本一致.全年和秋、冬两季青海气温的升温率明显大于全国气温升温率,年平均气温变化的位相超前于全国气温变化5～6年,这一结论有助于证实＂青藏高原主体可能是我国气候变化的先兆地区＂的论断.

Analysis of Air Temperature Variation Characteristics in Recent 42 Years in Qinghai Province

Based on the monthly air temperature from 26 representative stations in Qinghai from 1961 to 2002, the standard weighted average air temperature sequence was given, and the characteristics of air temperature variation in recent 42 years in Qinghai was analyzed. The results show that air temperature in Qinghai has been increasing with a rate of 0.25 ~C per ten years. The annual averaged air temperature is the lowest in the 1960s, began to increase in the 1970s, and has been increasing significantly since the 1990s, with the highest ten-year averaged air temperature in the decade. The air temperature in Qinghai has evident seasonal and regional variation, and the variation tendencyies of maximum and minimum temperature are generally non-symmetry. The variation tendency of air temperature in Qinghai is consistent with that across China. The increasing rates of an- nual, autumn, and winter air temperature are much greater in Qinghai than those in other parts of China. The phase of air temperature variation is five to six years ahead in Qinghai of that in the whole China. This conclusion is in agreament with the viewpoint that the Qinghi-Tibet plateau is probably one of most sensitive areas to the climate change in China.