干旱绿洲区运积物发育土壤的地球化学特征—以新疆焉耆盆地为例

土壤的矿物及其地球化学特征是指示其风化特征的重要依据。为理解干旱绿洲区土壤发育特征，本文选取新疆焉耆盆地两个土壤剖面对其粒度、矿物、元素地球化学特征进行分析，结果表明：两剖面沉积物的粒度主要以黏粒、粉粒为主，矿物主要为石英、长石和黏土矿物，石英/长石多数小于1,长石以斜长石类为主，化学风化作用极弱。两剖面的化学蚀变指数(CIA)均小于65,成分变化指数(ICV)均大于1,证实其只经历了基本物理风化及初等化学风化过程，盆地土壤为运积物风化成土。

Geochemical Characteristics of Transported Growth Soil in Arid Oasis Area-A Case Study of the Yanqi Basin in Xinjiang

The mineral and geochemical characteristics of soil are important basis for indicating its weathering characteristics. In order to reasearch the characteristics of soil development in arid oasis area, two soil profiles (Yanqi(YQ) and Bohu(BH) in Yanqi Basin were selected to analyze their grain size, mineral and element geochemical characteristics. The results show that the grain size of the sediments in the two sections is mainly clay and silt, and the minerals are mainly quartz, feldspar and clay minerals. The ratio of quartz to feldspar is less than 1, and the feldspar is mainly plagioclase, and the chemical weathering is very weak. The chemical alteration index (CIA) and composition change index (ICV) of the two profiles were both less than 65 and greater than 1, which confirmed that the basin had undergone only basic physical weathering and primary chemical weathering processes, and the basin soil was formed by transport weathering.