岩溶水源地安全供水的风险评价指标筛选——以娘子关泉水源地为例

以山西省阳泉市娘子关泉水源地为例,探索岩溶水源地评价指标体系的建立。在充分考虑娘子关泉水资源特点的基础上,结合DPSIR(驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应)评价模型和针对岩溶含水层脆弱性的欧洲模式指标框架,建立评价指标备选集。首先选择专家咨询与实际情况相结合的综合分析方法,收集2011—2015年相关指标数据,对所有备选指标进行第一次筛选;然后运用主成分分析法对定量指标进行第二次指标筛选,并用主成分分析法对筛选结果的合理性进行验证;最终确定了涵盖社会、经济、环境、政策4个方面,包含5个准则层19个指标的娘子关泉岩溶水水源地安全供水风险评价指标体系。经过验证,筛选的指标具有合理性和适用性,根据该指标可有效识别水源地风险来源。

Selection of Risk Evaluation Index for Safe Water Supply in Karst Water Source: An Example of the Well Field of Niangziguan Spring

The establishment of the evaluation index system of a well field of Karst water is explored in this paper by taking the well field of Niangziguan spring as an example.On the basis of fully consideration of Niangziguan spring resources characteristics,combination with the DPSIR (driver-pressure-state-impact-response) and the European model for Karst aquifer vulnerability index framework,the evaluation index for selection was build.Firstly,the method combining expert consultation with the actual situation was selected,according to the relevant indicators data from 2011 to 2015,all the alternative indicators were determined.Then,the principal component analysis method was used to select the final index,and the rationality of the chosen indexes were verified by principal component analysis.Finally,four aspects including social,economic,environmental and policy were determined,and the water supply risk evaluation index system of the well feild of Niangziguan spring was composed of the 19 indexes of the 5 criteria layers.After verification,the chosen indexes have rationality and applicability,which can effectively identify the risk of well field.