叠前PS 波Q 值提取与稳定高效的反Q 滤波算法

多波多分量地震勘探是进行岩性油气藏和隐蔽油气藏勘探的一种非常有潜力的方法。但由于实际地层是黏弹介质，造成地震波能量衰减和波形畸变，导致地震资料信噪比和分辨率难以满足油气勘探的精度要求。为更好地利用纵横波信息，需要对PP 波和PS 波进行振幅和相位补偿。通过解析法推导出一种从叠前转换波共炮点道集中提取横波Q 值的方法，将叠后稳定高效的反Q 滤波算法推广到叠前纵波和转换波的反Q 滤波中，改进了沿着纵波和转换波的传播路径进行补偿的叠前反Q 滤波算法，并进一步将常Q 层内的纵波和转换波反Q 滤波振幅补偿算子解耦为时间项和频率项的乘积，在保证补偿效果稳定的前提下，计算效率得到显著提高。

Extraction of Q value from prestack PS-wave and a stable and efficient inverse Q filtering algorithm

Multi-component seismic technique is a very potential method to explore lithologic reservoirs and explore stubtle reservoirs.Because the real formation is viscoelastic medium,which causes the energy dissipation and waveform distortion,the S/N ratio and resolution of seismic data hardly to meet the requirements of oil and gas exploration.In order to use the information of P-and S-waves better,the authors need to compensate both phase and amplitude of PP-and PS-waves.A method to extract the S-wave Q value from common source gathers of prestack converted wave has been derived using analytical method.The method extends the stable and efficient poststack inverse Q filtering algorithm to prestack inverse Q filtering for PP-and PS-waves,then improves the prestack inverse Q filtering algorithm to compensate for the seismic signals along the propagation path of PP-and PS-waves.Finally,within the current constant Q layer,the authors decouple the amplitude operator which is travelling with PP-and converted PS-waves to the product of time and frequency.The result of simulation shows that this algorithm obviously increases the efficiency of compensation on the premise of stability.