2022年1月2日宁蒗MS 5.5地震前迪庆流体观测井异常分析

异常调研是地震监测预报工作条例的基础环节，准确识别地震地球物理异常是地震预报科学难题之一。迪庆流体观测井是云南省地震地球物理观测台网滇西观测台之一，自2011年以来同步开展水位和水温观测。2021年9月，该井水位、水温测项同步出现快速上升变化，与2012年6月24日宁蒗M_S 5.7地震发生前异常特征相似。为确证异常的地震前兆意义，基于客观性、基础性系统开展现场调研。通过观测系统工作状态和观测站环境变化调查，排除人为干扰，确证了异常的客观性。通过井水与井区周边地表水的化学成分对比检测，论证了异常的基础性，应为当前观测井附近区域深部活动的体现。结合以往震例，明确了异常具有的地震前兆意义，证明了本次异常调研的有效性。本次开展的震前异常调研和震后异常总结工作，可为该区域未来震情分析研判提供参考。

Anomaly analysis of Diqing fluid observation well before Ninglang MS 5.5 earthquake on January 2, 2022

Anomaly investigation is the basic link of earthquake monitoring and forecasting work regulations. Accurately identifying earthquake geophysical anomalies is one of the scientific problems of earthquake prediction. The Diqing Fluid Observation Well is one of the western Yunnan observation stations of the Yunnan Seismic and Geophysical Observatory Network. Since 2011, water level and water temperature observations have been carried out simultaneously. In September 2021, the water level and water temperature measurement items of the well experienced a rapid rise and change simultaneously, which was similar to the abnormal characteristics before the Ninglang M_S 5.7 earthquake on June 24, 2012. In order to confirm the significance of abnormal earthquake precursors, on-site investigations are carried out based on an objective and basic system. Through the investigation of the working state of the observation system and the environmental changes of the observation station, human interference was excluded, and the objectivity of the anomaly was confirmed. Through the wellhead flow change experiment and the comparative detection of the chemical composition of the well water and the surface water around the well area, the basicity of the anomaly is demonstrated, and it should be the embodiment of the deep activity in the area near the current observation well. Combined with previous earthquake cases, the significance of the anomaly as an earthquake precursor is clarified, which proves the validity of this anomaly investigation. The pre-earthquake anomaly investigation and postearthquake anomaly summary work carried out this time can provide a reference for the analysis and judgment of the future earthquake situation in this area.