褐牙鲆鳃氯细胞的超微结构研究

利用透射电镜技术，研究了褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olrvaceus)鳃氯细胞的超微结构特征。研究表明，褐牙鲆鳃氯细胞主要分布于鳃小叶基部，具有微细小管系统和分泌腔。有丰富的线粒体，细胞核基位。根据氯细胞结构的不同，将其分为4种类型：I型氯细胞、Ⅱ型氯细胞、Ⅲ型氯细胞和Ⅳ型氯细胞。I型氯细胞胞体较大，细胞基质密度较低。微细小管系统发达呈细管状；Ⅱ型氯细胞外形不规则。胞体较大，细胞基质密度较高，微细小管系统主要呈粗网状；Ⅲ型氯细胞外形不规则，细胞基质具有很高的电子密度，微细小管系统不发达，胞内存在大量线粒体，分泌腔小；Ⅳ型氯细胞为扁平状，细胞体积较小，具有较大的分泌腔，但微细小管系统不发达。褐牙鲆鳃氯细胞系统是主要的渗透压调节系统。

STUDY ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF CHLORIDE CELLS OF GILL OF FLOUND, Paralichthys olivaceus

The ultrastructure of chloride cell of gill of flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus is studied with a transmission electron microscope.The chloride cells are mostly distributed on the base of gill lamella,and the prominent crypt is caved in the surface of gill.The nucleus is small and mainly located in the base of cell.The structure of Tubule system is developed in the cell.The number of mitochondria is plentiful,and its structure is developed.The study results showthat the chloride cells have four types:I-type chloride cells,II-type chloride cells,III-type chloride cells and IV-type chloride cells.The I-type chloride cells are large and have lowdensity of cell matrix.Tubule system consists of many membranous thin branchy tubules.The II-type chloride cells have an irregular shape and high cell density of matrix.Tubule system consists of many membranous thick branchy tubules.The III-type chloride cells have the same shape and cell matrix density as the II-type chloride cells,but the tubule system is underdeveloped and the prominent crypt is smaller.The IV-type chloride cell is a small squamous cell with large prominent crypt and underdeveloped tubule system.The main function of the chloride cells system is an important cell system to adjust osmotic pressure in the gill of flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus.