华南构造演化新思考 兼论“ 华夏古陆”说中的几个问题

华南新元古代到早古生代是扬子活动大陆边缘构造“捕获”的一个边缘海盆地，其间充填了巨厚的复理石、砂、页岩沉积。早古生代晚期发生了福建沿海弧与武夷弧碰撞，这两个弧一起与扬子活动大陆边缘碰撞，产生华南造山作用，使华南边缘海沉积物发生变质作用，产生了强烈构造变形，形成一系列推覆构造和花岗岩浆作用。因此，华南是早古生代形成的造山带，而不是华夏地块（古陆）。但是仍然有学者沿用这个老“术语”———华夏地块，因此，产生了华南是造山带还是华夏地块的争论。专业“术语”反映学者的学术思想体系和今后的研究走向，因此有必要讨论华南的构造属性。还讨论了华夏地块问题，简述了关于地质构造单元命名的基本原则。

New Thought about the Tectonic Evolution of the South China:with Discussion on Several Problems of the Cathaysian Old Land

During the Neoproterozoic to the Early Paleozoic, the South China was a marginal basin captured by the Yangtze active continental margin, filled with very thick flysch, sandstone, and shale sediments. At the end of the Early Paleozoic, the Fujian coast arc collided with the Wuyi arc and then both of them collided with the active continental margin of the Yangtze Block, which was called as an orogeny of the South China. These resulted in the metamorphism of the marginal basin sediments of the South China and intense tectonic deformation, then formed a series of nappe structures and granite magmatism. Accordingly, the South China was an Early Paleozoic orogenic belt instead of the Cathaysian Block (Paleocontinent). However, as there are still some scholars continuing to use this old term (the Cathaysian Block), it brings on the argument whether the South China is an orogenic belt or the Cathaysian Block. Professional term reflects scholars' academic ideology and research direction, therefore it is necessary to discuss the tectonic property of the South China. This paper discusses some problems of the Cathaysian Block and briefly points out the basic principles of the nomenclature about the geologic structural units.