基于DEM和水箱理论识别流域河网方法研究

本文应用水箱原理处理流域DEM数据中存在的洼地问题,提出流域河网识别及编码的新方法。首先,确定洼地网格,搜索洼地区域,计算洼地容量,根据水箱原理确定洼地出口,判断洼地的流向;然后,逐层合并消减洼地,修正洼地水流方向;最后,计算网格集水面积,进行河网识别和编码。本文结合云南东川蒋家沟流域的DEM资料进行河网识别,得到了完整的流域河网,结果与实际勘测的河网完全吻合,这表明应用该方法提取流域河网是可行的,能够为进一步的分布式水文、泥石流、环境模型提供条件。

Research on the recognition of river network of watershed based on DEM and water tank theory

A new method is proposed in this paper to recognize and code river network of watershed.This method,based on water tank theory,can deal with billabong grids existed in the DEM as follows.Firstly,billabong grids are defined,billabong area is searched,billabong volume is calculated,the export grid of the billabong area is searched and billabong grid flow direction is certified based on water tank.Then,we unite the neighbor billabong grid to search the export grid again.Lastly,the volume of grids is calculated and river network is recognized and coded.This method is applied to Jiangjia Ravine for extracting the completed river network.The delineated river network from DEM matches the measured one well,which shows that it is feasible to extract river network with this method,and it can give help to the future study on the distributed model of hydrology,debris flow or environment modeling.