地震研究中的断层流体动力学问题

流体在断裂带地震周期中具有重要作用。 在地震流体研究中, 该文建议在如下几个方面加强研究力度: ① 断层渗透结构和断裂带古水文地质旋回的研究; ② 断裂带流体循环的尺度效应; ③ 流体分布、 循环与构造展布关系; ④ 断裂带深浅部流体关系研究。 在断层流体动力学研究中, 建议就某一发震断裂带开展系统研究, 并优先解决以下问题: ① 断裂带流体的起源和成分; ② 产生和维持高孔隙压力的构造环境和水文地质条件; ③ 断裂带及邻近岩体流体运移及重新分布的机制; ④ 取得断裂带孔隙压力变化的数量知识; ⑤ 垂直方向和水平方向流体孔隙压力变化范围; ⑥ 地震周期中流体迁移与孔隙压变化规律。

The problems of fault fluids dynamics in seismological research

The fluids play an important role in the seismicity cycle of fault zones. The authors put forward several research areas that should be strengthened in the near future in China; ① Fault permeability structure and pale-geohydrological history of fault zone; ② The scale effect on fluid movement along fault zones; ③ The relationship between fluid circulation distribution and tectonic geometry; ④ The relationship between the shallow and the deep fluids. It is suggested that a systemic research work should be done on a specific earthquake fault, and the following topics should be studied preferentially. These are: ① What is the origin and composition of fault zone fluids? ② Identify the range of conditions necessary to develop and maintain elevated fluid pressures; ③ What are the fluid transport mechanisms in and around the fault zone and what physical processes lead to fluid redistribution? ④ Quantify pore pressure spectrum of fault; ⑤ What is the vertical and lateral distribution of fluid pressure regimes; ⑥ What is extent of vertical and lateral fluid migration and pore pressure during a seismic stress cycle?