Application of Linear Thermodynamics to the Atmospheric System. Part Ⅰ: Linear Phenomenological Relations and Thermodynamic Property of the Atmospheric System

从一般的热力学原理或其它自然原理对唯象关系所强加的限制，能够演绎出大气系统的一系列热力学性质。利用非平衡态线性热力学导出了湍流K闭合理论中湍流交换系数同唯象系数的关系，从理论上证明大气系统热量湍流输送同水泡之间存在交叉耦合，还导出了湍流强度同速度和位温梯度的关系，从而证明速度和位温空间分布的非均匀性是湍流之源。并证明湍流强度定理，不可压缩气体和各向同性湍流大气中，湍流强度正比于速度与位温梯度的标积。进而证明大气涡旋定理，位温的切变将导致涡旋运动或各种环流运动，速度涡度等于速度同位温相对梯度的矢积。展现了线性热力学在大气系统的应用前景。

Application of linear thermodynamics to the atmospheric system. Part I: Linear phenomenological relations and thermodynamic property of the atmospheric system

A series of thermodynamic property of the atmospheric system can be deducted, in accordance with re striction of the general thermodynamics theory or other nature principle to saddle on the phenomenological relation. The relationship between the turbulence transport coefficients of K turbulence close theory and the phenomenological coefficients are deduced using the linear thermodynamics of nonequilibrium state. A cross coupling between the heat transportation and the vapor transportation in the atmospheric system is proved. Even a turbulence intensity theorem is demonstrated. The distributional heterogeneity of velocity and potential temperature is the turbulence fountainhead and the turbulence intensity is proportional to the scalar product of velocity and potential temperature gradient in the non-compressed and isotropy turbulence atmosphere. More about an atmospheric vortex theorem is demonstrated. The shear of potential tem perature leads to a vortex movement or sundry circumfluence movement and the velocity vorticity equals to the vector product of velocity and potential temperature gradient. An application foreground of the linear thermodynamics is exhibited to the atmosphere system.