新疆东天山成矿带成矿系统研究现状及存在问题

天山造山带东段的东天山成矿带是中国重要成矿带之一。笔者分析了东天山成矿带的大地构造演化、成矿作用及矿床类型和成矿时代,重点分析了卡拉塔格、阿奇山等VMS型Cu-Zn、土屋—延东斑岩型Cu-Mo(Au)、玉海斑岩型Cu-Mo(Au)、白鑫滩Cu-Ni硫化物等矿床类型和成矿时代。结合石英滩金矿、康古尔金矿、康南金矿(点)、三岔口斑岩型铜钼矿、黄山东Cu-Ni矿等矿床类型和成矿时代,以及这些矿床与康古尔构造带时空演化间的耦合关系,认为应重新审视土屋—延东等斑岩型矿床的矿床类型和成矿时代。维权银及多金属矿床、红云滩铁铜、雅满苏铁(铜、铅锌)矿的早期蚀变特征,与新近发现的阿奇山VMS型Pb-Zn矿床的蚀变特征一致性,反映在这些地区具有与阿奇山型Pb-Zn矿床成矿潜力。航磁资料结果表明,土屋—延东斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床以西地区具有与东部黄山一带基性-超基性岩体引起的航磁异常一致性特征,说明西部地区有基性-超基性岩体的存在。建议在东天山地区加强典型矿床研究,对康古尔剪切带周围的二叠纪花岗质岩石、基性-超基性岩体以及雅满苏成矿带深部进行评价工作。

Present status of mineral deposit system of metallogenic belt and problems remained in eastern Tianshan,Xinjiang

The eastern Tianshan metallogenic belt，located in eastern part of Tianshan orogenic belt，is one of most important metallogenic belts in northwestern China． This paper presents its tectonic history， metallogenic times and types of mineral deposits in the area． Classic ore deposits，such as VMS ore deposits of Kalatage，Aqishan， porphyritic ore deposits of Tuwu-Yandong， Yuhai Cu-Mo (Au)， Cu-Ni magmatic sulfide ore deposits of Baixintan and so on，are analyzed in metallogenic epoch，as well as their relationship with the history of Kangguer structural zone in temporal- spatial． Through this，we think that the mineralization type and time of Tuwu-Yandong porphyry ore deposit have to be reexamined under the comparision with Shiyingtan epithermal gold deposit，Kangguer quartz vein gold deposit，Kangnan epithermal gold occurrence，Sanchakou porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and Huangshandong Cu-Ni magmatic sulfide ore deposit in the same tectonic belt． The features of the first stage alteration in Weiquan silver and polymetallic deposit，Hongyuntan and Yamansu skarn Fe-Cu deposit are consistent with that of Aqishan VMS- type Cu-Zn deposit，suggesting the potential of ore-forming is the same with that of Aqishan Cu-Zn deposit in Yamansu volcanic island belt． Aeromagnetic abnormities in the area west of Tuwu-Yandong deposit are identical with that of mafic- ultramafic complex of eastern Huangshan，suggesting mafic- ultramafic complex developed in the west area． Above all，we suggest that the research of classic ore deposits be strengthened in mineralization type and epoch，as well as Permian granitoid and mafic- ultramafic complex around the Kangguer structural belt and the deep section of Yamansu metallogenic zone．