昆明市"城中村"问题及改造对策研究--以盘龙区东庄村为例

随着昆明市城市化进程的加快和行政区划的重新调整,城市辐射功能增强,城市空间急剧扩展,使原来的城市边缘区域为中心区所包围,形成大片“城中村”。昆明市“城中村”改造涉及范围广、数量大、人口多,缺少可以置换的土地,改造成本巨大。以昆明市最大的“城中村”——东庄村改造为个案,通过实地调查、访谈和文献法,分析昆明市“城中村”的现状、问题和成因,并认为应尽快分阶段进行改造。在改造中,应从昆明市目前的社会经济情况出发,根据不同类型,选择实施以开发商为主体和以村民为主体的不同改造模式。同时,政府应加强监督与协调,尽早制定“城中村”改造的地方政策和法规,编制统一、科学的规划,积极协调和平衡村民、村集体和开发商之间的利益冲突,保护村民的利益不受侵害,并通过职业培训、社区服务、社会保障等措施解决村民的生计,转变他们的思想观念、生活方式,使其真正融入现代社会。

RESEARCH ON THE PROBLEMS AND COUNTER-MEASURES TO THE TRANSFORMATION OF VILLAGES UN KUNMNG CITY

With the speedy advance of urbanization and the readjustment of the administrative districts ,the radiating function of Kunming city has being reinforced greatly and the city space enlarged as well ,which made the outskirts around be surrounded by right the built regions within the city and many a village has appeared at the same time .During the transformation of villages in Kunming, there are large areas ,quantities and great populations, and the lands which can be substituted are very lack,therefore the cost of the transformation is quite large .With the case of the Dongzhuang Village, the research based on the survey ,interview and literatures ,analyzed the formative causes and main problems in villages of Kunming City and pointed that the transformation should be taken in phases as soon as possible .During of this ,the local governments ought to regard the villages or land-developing businessmen as the body of transformation in terms of local economies and the features of villages in city, meanwhile it should coordinate and balance the interests among the villagers, village collectives and land-developing businessmen. Moreover it also should establish the policies and rules about the transformation for villages in the city soon ,form the universal and scientific city planning,what is more ,the interests of villagers must be protested and the measures such as job-training ,community services ,social insurance are also available for the villagers to both solve the living problems and change their thoughts and living styles ,which contribute to make them merge into the modern cities completely.