Impacts of land surface and sea surface temperatures on the onset date of the South China Sea summer monsoon |
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Authors: | Peng Liu Yongfu Qian Anning Huang |
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Institution: | Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;
Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education,
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044;Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093;Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 |
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Abstract: | The present study analyzes the differences in spatial and temporal variations of surface temperatures between early and late
onset years of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM). It is found that when the land surface temperature north of 40°N
is lower (higher) and the sea surface temperature over the South China Sea-western North Pacific (SCS-WNP) is higher (lower)
in winter, the onset of the SCSSM begins earlier (later). When the land surface temperature north of 40°N is higher (lower)
and the sea surface temperature over the SCS-WNP is lower (higher) in spring, the onset of the SCSSM occurs earlier (later).
The reason why the anomalies of the land surface temperatures north of 40°N can influence the atmospheric circulation is investigated
by analysis of the wind and temperature fields. In order to verify the mechanisms of influence over the land and sea surface
temperature distribution patterns and test the ability of the p-σ regional climate model (p-σ RCM9) to simulate the SCSSM onset, three types of years with early, normal, and late SCSSM onset are selected and the SCSSM
regimes are numerically simulated. According to the results obtained from five sensitive experiments, when the land surface
temperature is higher in the eastern part, north of 40°N, and lower in the western part, north of 40°N, and it rises faster
in the eastern coastal regions and the Indian Peninsula, while the sea surface temperatures over the SCS-WNP are lower, the
early onset of the SCSSM can be expected. |
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Keywords: | surface temperature South China Sea summer monsoon numerical simulations |
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