20世纪末30 a里全球生态退化状况

 生态退化主要包括陆地生态系统和水域生态系统的退化。陆地生态系统包括农田、森林和草地,水域生态系统包括近海、河流和湖泊。生态系统退化的生态后果主要体现为生产力下降、生物多样性损失以及生态服务功能下降,直观地体现于土地退化、森林毁坏、物种濒危和绝灭以及淡水短缺。借助联合国相关网站上发布的报告,对20世纪末30 a里全球生态退化状况进行综述,旨在促进生态恢复。

Review on Global Ecological Degradation in the Last 30 Years of 20th Century

Ecological degradation mainly includes degradation of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Terrestrial ecosystem includes farmland, forest and rangeland, and aquatic ecosystem includes inshore, rivers and lakes. The ecological outcomes of the degradation mainly present on productivity reducing, biodiversity losing and ecological service functions declining, and directly represent on the land degradation, forest reduction, species endangering and extinction as well as fresh water shortage. By means of the reports on websites of Unite Station, some issues to ecological degradation were reviewed to promote ecosystem restoration in this paper.