基于微卫星标记的三疣梭子蟹家系系谱认证

用6个微卫星标记对三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的6个家系进行系谱鉴别和遗传多样性研究。6个微卫星标记在6个家系中显示了高度的遗传差异,6个位点的多态信息含量(PIC)分别为Pot09位点0.6045,Pot14位点0.6072,Pot17位点0.8130,Pot18位点0.6870,Pot25位点0.7839,Pot42位点0.6330。6个多态性位点共发现了32个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因数在4～8个之间。不同位点共发现7个家系特异性等位基因,2#和3#家系中各发现2个,1#、5#、6#家系中各发现1个,4#家系未发现特异性等位基因。根据已知亲本及子代基因型,可推断出6个家系中全部亲本的基因型,据此鉴别各家系。在Pot18位点可将1#家系和6#家系与其他家系相区别;Pot14位点和Pot17位点可将3#家系与其他家系相区别;Pot42位点可将5#与其他家系相区别;Pot17位点和Pot25可将2#家系与其他家系相区别。因此,Pot18位点、Pot14位点和Pot17位点、Pot42位点、Pot17位点和Pot25位点可分别用于鉴别1#和6#家系、3#、5#、2#家系的特异性标记。研究表明,在选用的6个微卫星标记中,最少选用3个标记可鉴别6个三疣梭子蟹家系。

Parentage Determination of Portunus trituberculatus in Family Establishment Based on Microsatellite DNA Markers

In this study,six microsatellite markers were used to estimate the kinship and examine the genetic diversity of six Portunus trituberculatus families.All the microsatellite loci displayed high genetic difference among the six families.The polymorphic information content(PIC) of the six loci was 0.6045 at loci Pot09,0.6072 at loci Pot14,0.8130 at loci Pot17,0.6870 at loci Pot18,0.7839 at loci Pot25,0.6330 at loci Pot42.Thirty two alleles were detected in six families tested at six microsatellite loci.The number of the alleles at each locus was between four and eight.Seven family unique alleles were found out: two in 2# family,two in 3#family,one in 1#family,one in 5#family,one in 6#family.Family unique allele was not found in family 4#.Based on the unique alleles among the families,each family could be distinguished from the others.1# and 6#family were identified from the other families at locus Pot18.3# was identified from the other families at locus Pot14 and Pot17.5#family was identified from the other families at locus Pot42,and 2#family was identified from the other families.It was consider that unique alleles at loci Pot18,loci Pot114 and loci Pot17,loci Pot42,loci Pot17 and loci Pot25 could be used as family markers of 1# and 6# family,3#family,5#family,2#family,and they could be used to identify these families.Our results suggested that the six families could be distinguished by these six microsatellite markers,and the six families could be identified using at least three microsatellite markers: Pot17 and Pot18.Based on these results,it was concluded that the use of a number of microsatellite markers represented a realistic and effective way in the selection program of Portunus trituberculatus.