矿井分布式地震超前探测系统研究与应用

为探测掘进巷道前方地质构造,研制一套矿井分布式地震超前探测系统。系统基于地震波反射理论,通过检波器分布式接收或震源分布式激发确定地质异常体的位置。为了进一步提高煤矿采掘过程中构造的预测预报精度,采用分布式观测系统和孔中胶囊检波器进行数据采集以提高设备的灵敏度,通过负视速度原理排除侧帮和后方地质异常体的干扰,利用绕射共偏移算法优化数据反演成果。经过大量试验验证和归纳总结,该系统采用人工锤击震源可有效探测出前方70m范围内的地质异常信息,采用人工炸药激发震源可有效探测出前方150~200 m范围内的地质异常信息。研究结果表明,矿井分布式地震超前探测系统通过从硬件到软件优化,可实现采掘过程中对地质构造的探测精度,并提高探测效率。

Research and application of mine distributed seismic advance detection system

The mine distributed seismic advance detection system is a set of equipment for detecting the heading geological structure of the mine tunnel. The system is based on the seismic reflection theory. The geologic anomaly is determined by the distributed geophones or the distributed excitation of the source. In order to improve the prediction and prediction accuracy of the structure during coal mining, the distributed observation system and the hole capsule detectors are used for data acquisition to improve the sensitivity of the equipment, the negative apparent velocity principle is used to exclude the interference of the lateral and rear geological anomalies, and diffraction common offset algorithm is used to optimize data inversion results. After a large number of tests and practice, it is concluded that the system can effectively detect geological anomaly information within 70 meter in front by using artificial hammer source and within the range of 150-200 m in front by explosive source. The research results show that the mine distributed seismic advance detection system achieves the accuracy and efficiency of geological structure detection in the mining process through hardware-to-software optimization.