冲击地压煤层大直径卸压孔快速成孔关键技术

为了提高冲击地压矿井大直径卸压钻孔的成孔率和施工效率,通过对冲击地压矿井煤岩体应力特征、卸压孔孔壁扰动动力失稳特性及施工特点的分析,探讨了大直径卸压孔快速施工的关键点在于高效排渣、快速成孔提钻。采用具有1.25 m行程轨道、大通孔动力头的ZDY4000LR型钻机,优化了大直径卸压钻孔施工操作流程,形成了水介质螺旋宽翼片双动力排渣高效成孔工艺方法,并在河南义马矿区和陕西彬长矿区进行了现场试验。结果表明:该工艺技术能够安全、高效地施工大直径卸压钻孔,施工效率较大螺旋钻进技术提高了48.9%,成孔率可达到100%。研究成果对类似冲击地压矿区施工煤层卸压孔提供借鉴。

Key technology for rapidly drilling large diameter destressing-drillhole in rockburst coal seam

In order to improve the hole forming rate and construction efficiency of large diameter destressing-drillhole in rockburst mine, based on the analysis of the stress characteristics of coal rock in rockburst coal mine, the dynamic instability characteristics of destressing-drillhole and the construction features, the key points for drilling large diameter destressing-drillhole, the efficient discharge of cuttings and fast drilling/lifting were proposed. Combining with the discharge of cuttings method by dual-power, the technology and equipment for rapidly drilling large diameter destressing-drillhole in rockburst coal seam were formed finally after the design and optimization of key equipment, drilling tools, technology and drilling processes. With the equipment based on the ZDY4000LR rig and the technology including water medium and spiral wide wing drilling pipe, the holes were drilled, safely and efficiently. And the method was proved and used at coal mines of Henan Yima and Shaanxi Binchang. The tests show that:the large diameter pressure-relieving borehole could be constructed efficiently and safely, and the efficiency is increased by 48.9% comparing with high and thin helical blade drilling pipe drilling method. The fole-forming rate reached 100%, the method has high application value and popularization significance. And this method can be used for reference in driiling destressing-drillhde in similar coal mines.