煤层底板隐伏断层分类及突水防治措施

矿井底板突水系数介于0.06~0.1 MPa/m区域内发育的隐伏断层,是煤矿生产过程中发生突水的关键因素之一,对其进行科学分类有利于制定底板突水防治针对性措施。通过煤层底板隐伏断层特征分析,根据隐伏断层顶界面位置与"下三带"垂向关系,从底板水害防治角度,将煤层底板隐伏断层分为高位、中位及低位3种类型。借助理论与突水案例分析手段,指出存在突水威胁的高位隐伏断层具有全贯通、突发性、水量大及危害程度高等特点;中位隐伏断层具有突水时间难以判断、突水后难以治理的特点。针对高位隐伏断层,提出工作面回采前对煤层底板进行注浆加固等防治措施;针对低位隐伏断层,提出在突水灾害前后采取不同思路的注浆治理措施。研究成果对于煤矿企业应对隐伏断层引起的底板突水灾害提供了重要参考。

Classification of hidden faults in coal seam floor and measures for water inrush prevention

The floor hidden faults with mine water bursting coefficient between 0.06 and 0.1 MPa/m have not been classified scientifically in combination with mining. Based on the characteristics of hidden faults in coal seam floor and the vertical relationship between the location of the top interface of the hidden fault and the "Three Underlying Belts", the hidden faults in coal seam floor are classified into three types:high, middle, and low from the perspective of mine water prevention of the floor. Through theoretical analysis and case analysis of water inrush, it is pointed out that the high hidden fault with the threat of water inrush has the characteristics of full penetration, suddenness, large water volume and high degree of harm. It is difficult to control afterwards. For high hidden fault, preventive measures such as grouting and strengthening the coal seam floor before mining are proposed; for low-hidden faults, different measures for grouting treatment before and after water inrush disasters are proposed. The research results provide an important reference for coal mine enterprises to deal with floor water inrush disasters caused by hidden faults.