数字流域及其在流域综合管理中的应用

流域的治理需要从系统的角度出发 ,综合考虑流域的自然、经济和社会子系统 ,实行综合管理。本文从新近发展起来的数字地球的概念出发 ,建立了数字流域的基本模式 ,初步探讨了数字流域的数据采集、处理、集成、显示及其在流域综合管理中的应用。

Digital River Basin and its Application in Integrated Management of River Basin

The 21st century will be a knowledge based economy dominated era. For one thing, the era of knowledge based economy requires a better environment for sustainable development. And for another, it provides advanced technology and facilities for river basin management. It is necessary for the harness and management of river basin to take the natural, economic and human subsystems into consideration. The integrated management of river basin is related to many factors, and therefore there are a great lot of data to deal with. That needs the support of the technology and facilities corresponding to the digital earth. Only when the digital river basin is established, will the integrated management of river basin be realized. This paper provides a general mode of digital river basin following the concept of digital earth. There are three main components of digital river basin, namely information collecting, processing, and application on river basin management. The three components are firmly interrelated. On the one hand, information processing processes are based on data collecting processes that include the social, economic and physical information related to the river basin, and on the other hand, the latter will find errors in the former. The results of the information processes will be the base of application, and in application processes, the new demands will be presented and therefore the information collecting process will be revised. This is a recycling process. The information sources include traditional sources (such as historical data, hydrological data, and experimental data, the situ data) and modern sources of data (such as all types of remote sensing data and GPS data). To process and store these tremendous data relies on the technologies and facilities corresponding to digital earth. If well established, the digital river basin will be a useful tool for integrated river basin management, especially for the complicated river basins such as the Yellow River.