淮河流域水环境污染防治能力空间差异

采用淮河流域35个地市2010年社会经济、网络调查和水环境污染相关数据,在突出主导因素和可操作原则的基础上,系统的构建了流域水污染防治综合评价体系,运用熵权法对流域各市水污染防治能力进行评价,并采用GIS空间分析方法对流域水环境污染防治能力的总体、局部的空间差异变化、特征和规律进行探索。结果表明: ① 淮河流域各地市水污染防治能力普遍较低,且呈现显著空间差异性,流域水污染防治能力整体呈现干流高于支流,下游高于中游,中游高于上游的梯级趋势;② 流域经济发达地区防治能力明显高于欠发达地区,省会城市防治能力远高于普通地级市;③ 流域水污染综合防治能力空间分布与流域实测水质空间分布高度契合,即防治能力较高地区水质普遍较高,防治能力较低地区水质则较差。

Spatial diversity characteristics of comprehensive control ability for water environmental pollution in the Huaihe River Basin

The social-economic web survey and water environmental data of 35 cities in 2010 of Huaihe River Basin are adopted in the study.On the basis of highlighting the dominant factors and the operational principle, entropy value method system is chosen to construct the comprehensive evaluation system of prevention and control for water pollution. Entropy weight method is adopted to evaluate water pollution control ability of cities and the GIS spatial analysis method is used to explore the overall and partial spatial difference, characteristics and laws of water pollution prevention and control in Huaihe River Basin, and classify the prevention and control ability of the basin.The results show that: ① The prevention and control ability for water pollution is generally low in Huaihe River Basin, and presents significant spatial difference. The basin on the whole shows step trend of the prevention and control ability, main stream higher than tributary, downstream higher than midstream, midstream higher than upstream. ② In the basin, the control ability of the economically developed area is obviously higher than that of the less developed regions, the capital cities much higher than the ordinary cities. ③ The comprehensive control ability for water pollution of the river basin highly matches with the actual measurement of water quality spatial distribution. Generally, water quality is good in the regions with high control ability, and poor in the regions with low control ability.