旅游地环境风险对中国旅游突发事件的影响及其区域分布研究

环境风险是影响旅游者和旅游活动安全的重要因素。本文以2006-2010年间我国的旅游突发事件案例作为数据基础,综合使用列联表卡方检验、Fisher精确检验、最优尺度回归等方法,对环境风险因素与我国旅游突发事件发生特征的关系及其区域分布进行统计检定。研究表明:游览环境风险、大气环境风险和道路环境风险是环境风险中引致旅游突发事件的主要结构因素,所引致的旅游突发事件主要包括事故灾难、自然灾害和公共卫生事件,其中事故灾难的发生水平最高。环境风险因素与旅游突发事件的发生类型、严重程度间具有显著的相关性,它对旅游突发事件的伤亡规模具有显著的影响力。我国不同区域的旅游环境风险具有分布上的差异性,各地应根据自己的环境风险特征采取风险管控措施。

Influences of environmental risks of tourist destinations on tourism emergency events in China and their regional distributions

Environmental risk is an important factor influencing the safety of tourists and tourism activities. Based on the data of tourism emergency events between 2006 and 2010 in China, combining the methods of Crosstables chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and optimal scaling regression, this paper presents a statistical analysis of the relations between environmental risk factors and characteristics of tourism emergency events in China and their regional distribution. The study has found that the risks of touring environment, atmospheres environment and road conditions are the major environmental risk factors that cause the tourism emergency events, such as accidents, natural disasters, and public health incidents, with the accidents having the highest incidence rate. Environmental risk factors exhibit a remarkable correlation with types and severity of tourism emergency events, and have significant effects on the degrees of casualty. Different regions have different distributions of tourism environmental risks, and therefore different places should take different measures to control the risks based on the characteristics of local environmental risks respectively.