秦皇岛近岸海域夏季小型水母分布特征

本研究基于2014—2018年每年8月份,于秦皇岛海域使用浅水Ⅰ型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物样品数据,分析了小型水母群落的组成种类和丰度分布特征及环境因子与水母群落特征之间的关系。结果如下:2014—2018年调查海域共出现小型水母13种,其中2014、2015和2017年夏季水母种类数均为7种, 2016年夏季水母种类数为6种, 2018年夏季水母种类数最少,仅为2种。秦皇岛近岸水域水母的优势种包括薮枝螅水母、球型侧腕水母和锡兰和平水母。2016年夏季秦皇岛水域水母丰度的平均值最高,达到了95.0 ind./m3。2014、2015和2018年分别为66.9 ind./m³、69.1 ind./m³和35.4 ind./m³。2017年最低,为14.9 ind./m³。通过小型水母丰度与环境因子之间的相关性分析,结果显示:温度、盐度、pH、磷酸盐、溶解氧、无机氮、悬浮物等环境因子会对秦皇岛夏季水域水母群落结构的年际间变化产生显著影响。

Distribution characteristics of small medusae in the Qinhuangdao coastal waters during summer

In this study, we analyzed the composition, abundance, and distribution characteristics of small medusae based on samples collected in Qinhuangdao coastal waters during the summers of 2014-2018. The abundance of medusae and the factors influencing their abundance were explored in multivariate analyses according to the sampling date and environmental parameters. Fourteen species of small medusae were identified in this survey. The numbers of small medusae species observed during the summers of 2014-2018 were 7, 7, 6, 7, and 2, respectively. Obelia sp., Pleurobrachia globose, and Eirene ceylonensis were the dominant species. In 2014, the average abundance was 66.9 ind./m³. In 2015, the average abundance was 69.1 ind./m³. In 2016, the average abundance was 95.0 ind./m³. In 2017, the average abundance was 14.9 ind./m³. In 2018, the average abundance was 35.4 ind./m³. The abundance of small medusae varied in Qinhuangdao coastal waters. The interannual variation in the primary environmental factors affected the distribution of small medusae. These factors were salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and phosphate in 2014. In 2015, they were DO and inorganic nitrogen. In 2016, they were salinity, suspended solids, temperature and phosphate. In 2017, they were temperature and inorganic nitrogen. In 2018, they were temperature and suspended solids. This study provides fundamental information on long-term observations of small medusae ecology in the Qinhuangdao coastal waters.