“雪龙”号科考船在冰区航行的船体振动测量研究

船舶在冰区航行时,船体会受到多种类型激振力的作用而产生不同程度的结构振动。船体振动会对船体结构安全以及船上人员的正常工作产生不利影响。船体结构振动的现场测量可较为准确地分析船体振动的基本特性,确定船体振动与外界荷载因素的对应关系。在2015—2016年中国第32次南极科学考察过程中,对"雪龙"号极地科学考察船的冰激振动开展了现场测量。本研究对比了船体在无冰区和冰区航行过程中的船体振动变化,分析了船体在不同航速、冰厚以及不同破冰航行方式下的振动规律。测量结果表明:船体冰激振动随着航速和冰厚的增加而显著增大;在船体采用冲撞式破冰时横向振动最为明显,而在连续式破冰时,垂向振动最为明显。以上研究可为冰区航行中船体振动的现场监测技术提供有益参考,并有助于分析海冰对船体振动规律的影响。

Measurement of ice-induced local vibration of R/V Xuelong icebreaker during its navigation in ice-covered fields

During the navigation of a ship in ice covered regions, the ship hull vibrates owing to various external forces. The hull vibration can affect both the safety of the ship structure and the normal work of its crew. Field measurements of ship hull vibration can be used to analyze accurately the basic characteristics of ship vibration and develop a relationship between vibration and external forces. In this study, vibrations of the scientific investigation ship XUE LONGuelong were measured during the 32nd Chinese scientific investigation in the Antarctic in 2015—2016. The hull vibrations when navigating in open water were compared with those when in an ice-covered stretch. The measured data were used to analyze the influences of ice thickness, ship speed and ice-breaking mode on the ice-induced hull vibrations. The vibration amplitude was found to increase with both ice thickness and ship speed. Vibrations in the lateral direction dominated in the impact ice-breaking mode, whereas vibrations in the vertical direction dominated in the continuous ice-breaking mode. This study can help both with the measurement of ice-induced vibrations of the ship hull, and with the investigation of ice-induced vibrations in ice field.