厦门站气温非均一性订正及其变化特征对比分析

利用逐步多元线性回归法和差值法相结合对厦门站1954~2007年逐年/月平均、最高和最低气温进行非均一性订正,订正值分别为0.84、0.72和0.65℃。对比分析订正前后气温的年际和季节变化趋势。订正后的气温资料分析结果显示:年均、最高和最低气温都呈快速增温趋势,倾向率依次为0.25、0.33和0.18℃/10 a,即54 a内约分别增温1.4、1.8和1.0℃;春夏秋冬四季平均、最高和最低气温也呈现快速增温趋势,其中以冬季增温最显著;年、季平均最高气温增温率都比最低气温快使得气温日较差以0.15℃/10 a速率增大。

Comparison Characteristics and Inhomogeneity Adjustments of Mean,Maximum and Minimum Surface Air Temperature for Xiamen Meteorological Station

Xiamen Meteorological Station was relocated in 1981, which resulted in a remarkable shift in its long term mean, maximum, minimum surface air temperature (SAT) time series from 1954 to 2007. The stepwise multiple linear regression and difference method were employed to estimate the inhomogeneity of the SAT, and the annual and monthly mean, maximum, minimum SAT time series were adjusted by integrating the two methods. The annual mean, maximum, minimum SAT corrected values are 0.84℃, 0.72℃ and 0.65℃, respectively. The annual and seasonal trends of the unadjusted and adjusted time series were investigated detailedly by a comparative analysis. The results of adjusted SAT time series showed that the annual mean, maximum, minimum SAT increased rapidly at a rate of 0.25℃/10 yr, 0.33℃/10 yr and 0.18℃/10 yr, and had approximately risen by 1.4℃, 1.8℃ and 1.0℃over the 54 years period, respectively. The seasonal mean, maximum, minimum SAT also showed quite significant warming trends in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the greatest trends of mean, maximum, minimum SAT occurred in winter. The annual and seasonal maximum temperature increased at a faster rate than the minimum temperature, which resulted in a strong increase in the long-term diurnal temperature range and its increasing rate was 0.15℃/10 yr.