地质大数据特点及其合理开发利用

大数据的合理开发与利用将开辟一个新的认知空间,提出解决各种实际问题的新模式,催生一个前所未有的数字经济新领域和开创一个新的人类生活方式。"数学地质"与"信息技术"结合形成"数字地质"。"数字地质"是地质科学的"数据科学"。地质数据科学是用数据的方法研究地质学,根据地质数据的特点和地质工作的需要研究和开发利用地质大数据。本文概述了地质数据的混合性、抽样性、因果性、时空性、多态性和多元性等主要特点,提出地质大数据的开发利用宜首先建立"知识库",据此建立"数据库""模型库"和"方法库",以便有针对性地做到获取、分析、研究和应用大数据。

Characteristics and rational utilization of geological big data

Rational development and utilization of geological big data may open up new recognition space, create new approaches to problem solving, as well as promote a new form of digital economy and construct a new way of life. Integration of mathematical geology and information technology has emerged as a new scientific discipline known as the “Digital Geology”, i.e. the “Digital Science” of geological sciences. Geological digital science uses digital methodology to study geological sciences as well as develops and utilizes geological big data according to the characteristics of geological data and the demands of geological problems. Here we first elaborate on the main characteristics of geological data including mixed population, population sampling, causality, spatial-temporal property, multiple-states and multivariate variables with diverse sources. Further, we propose to construct a “knowledge base” prior to building “data base”, “model base” and “method base” in order to facilitate big data acquisition and analysis for geological research and application.