近百年全球地表月气温数据的概况与初步整合

基于国际上最著名的4套全球地表月气温数据集，即英国东安格利亚大学气候研究所数据集（CRUTEM3）、美国国家气候数据中心数据集（GHCN-V3）、美国国家航天航空局数据集（GISSTMP）和Berkeley地球表面气温数据集，从分析现有资源的状况入手，通过广泛的国际调研与合作，整合了这4套全球地表逐月气温数据集和一些主要国家或地区的区域数据集，研发了中国第一套全球陆地表面逐月气温站点数据集。该数据集共包含全球9519站、7073站及6587站的月平均气温、最高及最低气温（序列长度不低于20年）数据，同CRUTEM3和GHCN-V3数据集相比，该数据集站点密度在各个区域都有所增加，尤其是在南美洲、非洲及亚洲地区；另外，1990年代以来的站点数量显著增加，有利于降低自1990年以来全球气温变化趋势估计的不确定性。

Summary of the Typical Global Monthly Surface Temperature Datasets and the Integration of Multi-source Datasets

Based on the four typical global monthly surface temperature datasets, namely the climate research dataset of the University of East Anglia (CRUTEM3), the dataset of the U.S. National Climatic Data Center (GHCN-V3), the dataset of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (GISSTMP), and the Berkeley Earth surface temperature dataset, this paper analyzes the status of existing resources through extensive research and international cooperation. Then, China’s first global land monthly temperature dataset was developed by integrating the four global monthly surface temperature datasets and some regional datasets from the major countries or regions. This dataset contains 9519 stations from all over the world with the length no less than 20 years for monthly average temperature, 7073 for monthly maximum, and 6587 for monthly minimum temperature. Compared with CRUTEM3 and GHCN-V3, the station density of this dataset is much higher, especially in South America, Africa and Asia; besides, there are much more stations after the 1990s, which can dramatically reduce the uncertainty of the estimated global temperature trend since 1990.