超长波的多年振动

我们对1871—1975年冬（1月）和夏（7月）60°N和30°N纬圈的海平面气压距平资料作谐波分析，讨论第1—3波的超长波的多年振动。其主要结果有:1. 超长波的第1波的近百年变化表现为向西的行波型振动。它的超长波槽有3次影响东亚，造成东亚地区降水量的36年左右周期。2. 第2、3波的变化是属于驻波型的振动，这种振动是由两个气候变化阶段来完成的。1921—1926年以前为第一阶段，超长波槽的位置偏东；1921—1926年以后为第二阶段，超长波槽偏西。超长波的阶段变化导致了大气活动中心的阶段变化，引起相关系数的不稳定。3. 超长波的阶段变化与海温距平的阶段变化有密切关系。超长波槽的变化与海温负距平的变化相适应。

The Short Climatic Oscillation of the Ultra–long Wave

In this paper by using harmonic analysis the anomaly of the sea level pressure of wave number 1—3 along the latitude 60oN and 30oN in summer and winter for 1871—1975 is analyzed, and the interannual variations of the ultra-long wave (wave number 1—3) are discussed. The main results are as follows: 1) The interannual variations of wave number 1 in last hundred years showed a westward propagation in 2—3 cycles. This oscillation had a connection with the cycles of rainfall in East Asia with a period of 36 years. 2) The variations of wave numbers 2 and 3 showed an oscillation of a standing wave. The period 1871—1926 was the first stage during which the position of the trough was situated eastwards, and in the second period (1926—1975) the trough was located westwards. This change corresponded to two different climatic regims in the Northern Hemisphere, and the actives of the centers of actions showed a marked difference. This changes also resulted in the instability of the coefficent of correlation. 3) There were two stages in the sea surface temperature anomaly along 45oN latitude in the Pacific from 1860—1960, which had a connection with the change of the ultra-long wave. The variation of position of the ultra-long wave trough had a similar trend with the interannual variation of the negative anomaly of SST