渤海湾大规模围填海导致的岸线变化及潮流场响应分析

本文以21世纪初渤海湾大规模的围填海工程为背景,对2000-2015年典型年份的卫星遥感影像资料进行了岸线提取,并分析了其时空演变规律.以此为基础,建立了不同岸线及地形条件下的渤海湾水动力数值模型,计算结果与塘沽、黄骅港和东风港三个潮位观测站的实测数据吻合良好.模拟结果显示:渤海湾大规模围填海工程的建设使得三个主要工程区(曹妃甸工业区、天津港及黄骅港)附近的潮流运动更加剧烈,但对于渤海湾离岸潮流场的影响不大.M2分潮流速及流向变化明显,其最大流速方向与建筑物布置、深水航道航线方向一致.黄骅港挡沙堤的建设使其附近流场出现局部涡旋,导致潮流以旋转流的形式运动.

Coastline and tidal current changes responses due to large-scale reclamation in Bohai Sea

In the background of the large-scale reclamation projects in Bohai Sea in the early 21st century, this research first extracted the shorelines from satellite remote sensing images in typical years from 2000 to 2015. Then, their spatiotemporal evolution was analyzed. A hydrodynamic numerical model of Bohai Sea under different shorelines and topographic conditionswas established. The results are in good agreement with the measured data of Tanggu, Huanghua port, and Dongfeng port. The simulation results show that: the implementation of large-scale reclamation projects in Bohai Sea causes the tidal current movement more intense near the Caofeidian Industrial Zone, Tianjin Port and Huanghua Port. However, these projects have little influence on offshore tidal current field. The velocity and direction of M2 tidal change obviously, and its maximum velocity direction is consistent with the direction of building layout and deep-water channel. Moreover, the building of sediment barriers in Huanghua Port cause the occurrence of local vortex, leading to the rotation of tidal current there.