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Mid-Cretaceous dinosaur track assemblage from the Tongfosi Formation of China: Comparison with the track assemblage of South Korea
Institution:1. Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 172, P.O. Box 173364, CO 80217-3364, USA;2. Polish Geological Institute, ul. Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warszawa, Poland;3. National Operations Center, USDOI-Bureau of Land Management, Denver, CO 80225, USA;4. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;5. Museum of Moab, 118 E Center Street, Moab, UT, USA;1. Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA;2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China;3. Department of Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan;4. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;5. Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing, China;6. Shandong Provincial No.4 Institute of Geological and Mineral Resources, Weifang 261021, China;7. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Beijing, China;1. School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;2. Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA;3. Regional Geological Survey Team, Sichuan Bureau of Geological Exploration and Development of Mineral Resources, Chengdu 610213, China;4. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK;5. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China;6. Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum, Neumarkt, Germany;7. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;8. Department of Earth Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 363-791, South Korea;9. Zigong Dinosaur Museum, Zigong, Sichuan, China;10. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
Abstract:A Yanji Basin tracksite in the Cretaceous Tongfosi Formation in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province was reinvestigated twenty years after the original study.The re-examination confirms the presence of tracks tentatively referred to ornithopods and theropod tracks including several not previously reported. In addition to the main track-bearing level, a second footprint horizon was identified from which a probable ornithopod track was collected. Some of the formerly identified tracks were documented using photogrammetry, whereas others that had been collected, eroded, buried or obscured by dense vegetation. The age of the track-bearing beds is inferred to be late Albian to early Cenomanian. Comparison with track-bearing units of the same age in Shandong, China, and Korea indicated quite different compositions of track assemblages. In the case of the Korean sites the differences may be facies related. While the Korean ichnofauna is characterized by the co-occurrence of ornithopod, sauropod and tridactyl theropod tracks with didactyl dromaeosaurid, Minisauripus (small theropod), pterosaur and avian tracks, the latter four are absent in the Tongfosi assemblage. This could reflect a restricted environment being not favourable for activities of these trackmakers or simply a preservational bias.
Keywords:Cretaceous  Dinosaur tracks  Jilin Province  China  Korea
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