苏州与上海孪生城市模式的形成机理及其区域效应

在对美国进行大量实证分析的基础上,艾伦从理论上推导出的孪生城市模式丰富和发展了区域空间结构理论。1990年代以后,苏州在跨国公司投资作用下的快速崛起,已与上海初步构成了一种功能上互补的共生关系,即孪生城市模式。这一模式的形成主要导源于以下两方面的原因。从行政原因上看,苏州与上海由于分属两个省级行政单元,经营成本、产业政策自1980年代以来一直有着较为明显的差异;从经济原因上看,苏州与上海仅距不到90 km、位居上海都市圈的内圈层,且离虹桥机场约50 km。苏州的快速崛起以至于苏沪孪生城市的形成,产生了多方面的区域效应。苏州与无锡本是一对水平相当、产业性质类似的城市,现已出现了明显的差异化发展态势,从而为在此基础上城市合理分工的形成奠定了基础;苏州位居省级行政单元的交界,因此苏州与作为省会城市的南京构成了广义上的双核结构模式;上述因素的综合作用,使得我们可以构建起沪宁沿线城市合理分工的多重空间组合模式。

Formative Mechanism and Regional Effect of the Twin Cities of Shanghai and Suzhou

Allen theoretically derived model of Twin City and developed theory of regional spatial structure, basing on a large quantity of experimental analysis on America. Suzhou, which rises rapidly impulsed by the oversea investments after 1990, has constructed the paragenetic relation on function with Shanghai, i.e. Twin City model. The formation of the model is derived from two reasons. One is the administration reason that the management costs and industrial policies of Suzhou and Shanghai have obvious differences since 1980, because they belong to different provinces. The other is economic reason that Suzhou is located in the inner circle of Shanghai municipal circles that radius is 100 km and about 50 km away from Hongqiao airport. The formation of Suzhou-Shanghai Twin Cities by the rising of Suzhou generates versatile regional effects. Suzhou and Wuxi, with the same development level and industrial property originally, now have different tendency of development. This gives them the basis on the reasonable division of function. Suzhou, which is located on the boundary of two provinces, and Nanjing, which is the capital of Jiangsu Province construct the generalized dual-nuclei structure model. We build the multiple spatial composite model of reasonable division of function of cities along Shanghai-Nanjing railway, by the comprehensive action of above-said factors. We generalize the formative condition of Suzhou-Shanghai Twin City model and analyze the formative condition and possibility of Twin Cities at others area in China as Hong Kong and Beijing.The rising of Suzhou drives scholars to discuss the ideal spatial structure form of cities along the Shanghai-Nanjing railway in Jiangsu province, observed by theoretical level. In definition the dual-nuclei structure is composed of the regional center city and port city. The connotation and application range are expended widely by inducing the definition of margin effect. Although border cities are not near large river, they have the dominance of margin effect, because they have difference on economic, management mechanism and ethnical culture. The combination of regional center city and border city also is one of the representations of the dual-nuclei structure model. The border city is referred to not only the city between two countries that is named borderer city, but also the city between two provinces that is named boundary city. The border city and boundary city are called margin city together. The combination of regional center city and port city is the primary form of dual-nuclei structure model; the combination of regional center city and margin city is the secondary form of dual-nuclei structure model. The evolution of spatial structure in Yangtze delta is effected deeply by the rising of Suzhou and the relocation of cities near Suzhou. In fact, the cities near Suzhou all take some corresponding strategies in recent years, as 173 planning of Shanghai and exploitation planning of Hangzhou bay. How to accept challenge is the main task of Suzhou to be relocated in Yangtze delta.