长江黄河源区水文和气象序列周期变化分析

应用Meyer小波,对江河源地区近50a来年径流量、年降水量和年平均气温做周期分析,发现江河源地区水文气象序列的变化周期基本在22a、16～17a、11a、7～8a、5～6a和2～3a左右的时间尺度上浮动。而这些基本周期正是太阳黑子活动周期和海-气相互作用的周期,说明江河源地区水文、气象序列的周期变化受天体运动变化的影响。天体运动直接影响降水和气温的周期变化,进而在一定的下垫面条件下,影响径流的周期变化。

Analysis on Periodic Variations of Annual Hydrologic and Meteorological Series in Source Regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers

We use the Meyer wavelet transform method that has being used extensively in Hydrology and in Meteorology, to analysis the periodic regularities of the annual precipitation, yearly average air temperature and annual runoff in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers in this paper. The results show that the periods of average annual air temperature and yearly precipitation series in the source regions are accordant, and they varied periodically at 22 a, 16~17 a, 11 a, 7~8 a, 5~6 a and 2~3 a. They are just the periods of the sunspot activity and of the mutual action between sea and atmosphere. The relationship shows that the global movement influences the periodic variation in hydrology and meteorology of the study regions. Firstly, it directly influences the periodic variation of precipitation and air temperature, then influences the periodic variation of runoff based on the underlying surface.