舟山沿岸四种藤壶类壳板的亚显微结构

本文研究了舟山沿岸四种藤壶（三角藤壶Ｂａｌａｎｕｓｔｒｉｇｏｎｕｓ，纹藤壶Ｂ．ａｍｐｈｉｔｒｉｔｅａｍｇｈｉｔｒｉｔｅ，白脊藤壶Ｂ．ａｌｂｉｃｏｓｔａｔｕｓ及日本笠藤壶Ｔｅｔｒａｃｌｉｔａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）壳板的亚显微结构。结果表明，壳板表面的亚显微结构主要有生长脊（包括毛脊、大脊、微脊）和放射脊。其中，大脊和放射脊系本文首次报道。大脊于蔡壶蜕皮后毛脊（刚毛）形成的同时或其后形成，与蜕度周期有关。放射脊的形成可增加壳板的坚固度。各种生长脊的数量及强弱变化反映了藤壶的生理代谢状况及环境对藤壶成长的影响。本文比较了四种藤壶之间壳板表面的亚显微结构，发现它们有很大的差异。通过比较四种藤壶成体和幼体之间壳板表面的亚显微结构，发现藤壶壳板表面结构与年龄有密切关系，尤以生活于潮间带中上区的白脊藤壶和日本笠藤壶为显著。环境，尤其是潮区，对藤壶壳板的生长有很大影响。日本笠藤壶、白脊藤壶、纹藤壶壳板结构明显受其生活的潮区影响。

A scanning electron microscope study of the shell plates in four barnacles in Zhoushan waters

The surface ultrastructures of shell plates of four barnacles, Balanus trigonus, B.amphitrite amphitrite, B. albicostatus and Telraclita japonica have been examined by scanning electron microscope.The growth ridges, including hirsute ridge, main ridge, fine surface ridge and radius ridge, are main ultrastructures on the outer surface of the shell plates. And main ridges and radius ridges are first reported here. A main ridge, associated with the moulting cycle, is formed when or after a hirsute ridge (or a series of setae) is formed following ecdysis. The formation of radius ridges can increase the strength of shell plates.The number and the strength-weakness changes of various growth ridges have associated with the state of physiology and the effects of environment on the growth of barnacles. The differences of the outer surface ultrastructures of the shell plates among four barnacles are obvious. And it is also found that age has great influences on the fine surface structure of shell plates of barnacles, especially on B. albicostatus and T. japonica standing on the middle-hightiole regions, by compared with the surface structure of shell plates between adult and young individuals.Environment, especially the tide regions in which an animal lives, has a great influence on the growth of shell plates. And the structures of shell plates of T japonica, B. albicostatus and B. amphitrite amphitrite are obviously affected by the tide regions in which these live.