Ionospheric Ground-based Measurement Networks

Critical to the ionospheric monitoring and modelling processes whether they are related to the theoretical investigations, the space weather prediction services or the planning and operation of radio systems is a modern network of ground-based synoptic instruments making regular measurements. A short review of the principal types of ionospheric ground-based measurement networks currently available in Europe is followed by brief survey of the particular problems associated with a timely and user-friendly fashion of data delivery for assimilation purposes.