上下交叉隧道爆破振动控制技术研究

钻爆法是隧道开挖中一种主要的施工方法,爆破开挖不可避免会对围岩产生扰动。以新建走马岗隧道上穿东深供水走马岗引水隧洞工程为背景,开展上下交叉隧道爆破振动控制技术研究。选取与交叉段岩性一致的爆破施工开挖区域进行爆破振动监测,得到了现场爆破施工方案条件下走马岗隧道爆破振动规律。对实测数据进行回归分析,计算得出走马岗地区爆破质点峰值振动速度(PPV)的Sadovsk公式,反演得到控制爆破振动的最大掏槽药量及安全距离,制定出交叉段施工的安全控制范围以及相应的爆破方案。通过数值模拟进行了验证并付于交叉段现场施工。现场监测数据表明,提出的振速控制标准及爆破方案符合安全要求,保证了在建隧道的顺利开挖以及既有隧道的安全运行。研究成果可为类似工程爆破开挖及振动控制提供参考。

Study of blasting vibration control technology of up and down cross tunnel

Drilling and blasting method is a major construction method in tunnel excavation. Blasting excavation will inevitably produce vibration disturbance on the surrounding rock. Based on the project of new Zoumagang tunnel passing through upon Dong-Shen water supply tunnel, blasting vibration control technology is studied. In order to ensure safety of the existing tunnel, the new tunnel blasting construction should be strictly controlled. Construction section is selected which is consistent with the lithological character of the cross-section. Blasting vibration is monitored and vibration law is got under field conditions of the construction. Sadovski formula of peak particle velocity (PPV) for Zoumagang zone is calculated by regression analysis of the measured data. The maximum cutting dosage, safety distance, range of vibration control and the corresponding blasting plan are formulated according the formula and standard, and are verified by simulation, and are implemented on in-situ construction. The in-situ construction measured results in cross-section show that the vibration velocity control standard and blasting designation proposed satisfy the safety requirements, so as to ensure the excavation safety of the constructing tunnel and existing tunnel. Research work has a higher significance and reference value for similar excavation works and vibration control.