高孔隙性软弱砂岩在一般三轴应力状态下的力学特性

本文作者利用茂木清夫教授的岩石真三轴压缩仪,研究了抗压强度为300公斤/匣米2左右,孔隙度高选27%,容重仅为1.85克/厘米3的高孔隙性软弱砂岩的力学特性.在室温下,把围压加到500公斤/厘米2,就观测到变形和破坏特性,从脆性过渡到韧性的全过程.同时,分别在50和100公斤/厘米2的恒定围压下,成功地把中间主应力σ2从σ2=σ3的下限加到σ2=σ1的上限,观测到强度随中间主应力的增长而连渐增加到最大值后又逐渐下降的全过程;在100公斤/厘米2的恒定围压下以及σ3=100,σ2=295公斤/厘米2的一般三轴应力状态下。

Mechanical Properties of Weak Porous Sandstone Under General Triaxial Stress States

The mechanical properties of weak porous sandstone with uniaxial compressive strength of about 300kg/cm2 , porosity as high as 27% and bulk density 1.85 g/cm3 , were investigated experimentally by using Mogil’s true triaxial compressive apparatus. The properties of deformation and failure, in the whole process from brittleness to ductility, were observed by bringing confining pressure up to 500 kg/cm2 under room temperature . The intermediate principal stress was successfully brought up from the lowest limit. σ2=σ3 to the highest limit , σ2=σ1 under constant confining pressure, 50 and 100 kg/cm2 respectively. The whole process that the strength increases gradually to a maximum and then decreases gradually with increasing of intermediate principal stress under constant σ3 was observed . Failure and flow were effecfed not due to volume dilatancy but rather du to compression of volume under constant confining stress of 100 kg/cm 2 and a general triaxial stress state of σ3 =100 kg/cm2 , σ2=295kg/cm2 . For hard rocks , this behavior can be observed possibly only under higher temperatures and pressures. The experimental result shows that the ductility and coefficient of strain hardening are increased in proportion to the intermediate stress σ2 under constant σ3 . This is different from the behavior of hard rocks.