中国信息化发展进程及其时空格局分析

自1994年接入国际互联网以来,中国信息化事业得到了快速发展,但各地区之间差异显著。关于中国信息化水平的测定已引起学术界的重视,但主要集中在互联网等单指标层面,关于信息化综合发展水平的区域差异研究还很少。通过建立IDI指标体系和计算模型、相关分析、回归分析、测算变差系数等方法,从宏观和中观区域视角比较系统的剖析了中国信息化发展区域差异的时空格局。研究发现,2000~2010年,中国四大板块之间信息化发展水平差异显著,自东向西呈阶梯状分布;中西部地区信息化发展较快,区域之间数字鸿沟有所缩小。从中观省级层面上,2000~2010年,省际之间信息化发展水平相差悬殊,但空间格局有较大变化,数字鸿沟明显缩小。另外,信息化发展与当地社会经济发展紧密相关。

Spatio-temporal Analysis of Regional and Provincial Informatization in China

Information and communication technologies (ICT) is a major symbol of the contemporary world, which is predominated by two interwoven tendencies, namely globalization and informatization. It is now widely accepted that the world is moving fast towards an information age, while ICT is a major channel to such a historical transformation. Indeed, no technological progress in the last several decades can match the advent of ICT in terms of its profound and extensive influences. Since 1994, the development of ICT in China has been incredibly fast, but there has been “digital divide” between provinces. Indeed, there are huge digital-divide worldwide, which would impact economic spatial distribution. It is against such a background that this article takes a close examination on the development of informatization in China and its spatio-temporal pattern. Based on the literature review, principal components analysis and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, it established ICT development index (IDI) and then calculated IDI and CV value, in order to provide a more comprehensive explanation of ICTs trends and developments. It also tried to gauge and justify the spatial implications of ICTs development, especially the relationship between informatization and economic development, by regression analysis. The findings of this study are follows. First, there are significant regional differences in informatization, and the development of ICT declines gradually from Eastern China to Western China. From 2000 to 2010, the development of ICT in Western China and Central China are much faster than Eastern China and Northeast China, while the regional digital gap is becoming smaller. Secondly, the difference of informatization among provinces is also very remarkable. The provincial spatial pattern of informatization has changed, with lessened digital divide in 2000-2010. Finally, at provincial scale, the spatial distribution of ICT has obviously positive correlation with local GDP development. From 2000 to 2010, with the evolution towards an informatization society, the relationship between informatization and economic development has been more and more related.