全球变化对草地土壤微生物群落多样性的影响研究进展

全球变化对人类生存环境的影响已成为当前全世界共同关注的焦点。草地分布十分广泛, 且大多位于生态脆弱带, 对全球变化响应十分敏感。当前, 有关全球变化对草地生态系统影响的研究主要集中于地上植被部分, 对于生态系统物质循环关键参与者和草地碳源汇的重要调节者--土壤微生物的研究相对较少。本文综述了全球变化因子, 包括CO₂浓度、气温、降水及氮沉降等因素及其交互作用对草地土壤微生物群落多样性影响的相关研究进展, 并在此基础上对当前研究中的一些不足之处进行剖析, 对未来研究需关注的问题和研究方向进行了讨论和展望。

Research Progresses on the Effects of Global Change on Microbial Community Diversity of Grassland Soils

The effects of global change on the living environment of humans have become a focus of great concern of the whole world. Grassland, widespread on the earth and generally located in ecologically fragile zones, is very sensitive to global change. Researches on the impacts of environmental changes on grassland ecosystems mainly focus on grassland vegetation at ground level; little is known about how the microbial diversity of grassland soils responds to global change. This paper presents a review on the effects of global change, including elevated CO₂, warming, precipitation regimes, and increased nitrogen deposition, on the structure and diversity of soil microbial community in grassland. In conclusions, the authors suggest that the future work on the responses of grassland soil microbial communities to global change needs to emphasize on: (1) multi-factor synthetic experiments; (2) combination of short-term and long-term studies; (3) relationship between soil microbial diversity and grassland vegetation in the background of global change; (4) integrated studies on soil microbial communities and biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems.