中国断陷盆地主要生油岩中的火山活动及其意义

通过对断陷盆地主力生油岩中普遍存在的基碱性火山岩的分析,认为水下火山喷溢环境是优质生油岩赖以形成的主导因素。岩浆、火山的高温无机气液具有加温、加氢、催化作用,是生油岩有机质在浅埋藏的低成熟阶段形成油气的主要动力。这种沉积有机质在火山作用下形成的油气称为有机一无机混合成因的油气。重视油源岩系的火山活动研究,发展多源成烃学说,可以开拓油气勘探新领域。

Volcanic Activity in Major Source Rocks in Faulted Basins of China and Its Significance

Investigations have revealed that basic and alkaline volcanic rocks are distributed in major source rocks within all the faulted basins in China. There are three types of assemblages of volcanic rocks and source rocks: basalt - dark-colored shale, basalt-evaporite-dark-colored shale and andesite-coal-dark-colored shale. The authors suggest that the environment in which subaqueous volcanoes erupt during the deposition of the source rocks is also very good for accumulation of high-quality source rocks. Fluids (including hydrogen and so on) , heavy-metal minerals and heat provide the volcanic activity may promote organic matter in the source rocks to transform easily to hydrocarbon at shallow burial depths and low temperatures by means of heating, introduction of hydrogen and catalysis of the minerals. Such hydrocarbon is called hydrocarbon generated by mixed organic and inorganic actions. The application of this theory to petroleum exploration will yield new finds.