黄河上游玛曲县天然草场退化现状、成因及治理对策

玛曲县天然草场退化、沙化现象十分严重，其原因有自然与人为因素，而人为因素特别是超载过牧是引起天然草场退化的主要原因。在对玛曲县天然草场退化原因深入分析与研究的基础上，提出了相应的治理对策。对于治理，即要有制度的完善，又要有成熟的治理技术，制度应优先于技术，只有在制度不断完善、法制不断健全和人们思想观念逐渐提高的前提下，再采用先进的、可操作性强的、行之有效的治理技术，经过长期的治理，玛曲县持续多年的天然草场退化、沙化问题才能从根本上得到解决。

Present Status, Causes and Control Countermeasures of Natural Grassland Degeneration in Maqu County

It is very serious in natural grassland degeneration and desertification in Maqu County,the causes include both natural and anthropogenic factors,but the later especially overgrazing is the main.This paper put forward corresponding control countermeasures based on the deep study and analysis of natural grassland degeneration in Maqu County.With regard to control of natural grassland,there needs not only improving of rules and regulations,but mature control techniques as well,and the regulations should be prior to the techniques.The degeneration and desertification of natural grassland in Maqu County can not be solved drastically until the regulations be enhanced,legal system be perfected and the consciousness of people be improved continually.At the same time,it should be to adopt the advanced,operable,effective and feasible control techniques as well as long term control.