静水和动水环境中水下溢油浮射流初步实验及数值模拟

为深入研究井喷和管道破损等海底事故后溢油在水下环境中的输移扩散过程，文章利用自制的组合式环形水槽（周长9.7 m、宽0.45 m、深1 m），以阿曼原油与消油剂混合物和淡水（含示踪剂）为模拟污染物，初步开展静水和动水环境中海底溢油浮射流的物理模拟实验，并应用基于拉格朗日积分方法的水下溢油浮射流模型进行数值模拟比较分析。研究结果表明:静水环境中，水下溢油浮射流主要沿喷口的垂直中心线向水面输移扩散；非均匀流动水环境中，横流速度越大，浮射流输移轨迹的弯曲程度越明显；数值模拟的浮射流轨迹总体上与实验观测结果符合较好；研究结果可为今后相关物理实验和数值模型的改进研究提供有益参考。

Preliminary Experimental Study and Numerical Modeling of the Underwater Oil Spill Buoyant Jets in Static and Flowing Water Environments

In order to study the transport and diffusion processes of oil spill in underwater environment after subsea accidents (e.g.subsea oil-well blowout,oil/gas pipeline leakage),this paper used an annular tank with dimensions of 9.7 m×0.45 m×1 m (perimeter×width×depth) as the basic test facility,and selected Oman crude oil,mixture of crude oil and chemical dispersant,fresh water (with ink as tracer) as simulated pollutants,and carried out a series of underwater buoyant jet physical experiments,and conducted the numerical modeling and comparative analysis by using a Lagrangian integral method based underwater oil/gas buoyant jet model.Experimental results showed that the buoyant jets transported along the vertical line of the nozzle and spread in horizontal directions in the static water environment; while in the non-uniform cross flowing water environments,the buoyant jet trajectories were bent over by the stronger crossflow.It also showed that the numerical modeled trajectories of buoyant jets generally agreed well with the experimental observed data.The results of this paper can provide a useful reference for the improvement of physical experiments and numerical modeling in the future.