淮河干流洪水预报系统及其在1991年大洪水的应用

综述了淮河流域概况，淮河干流洪水预报系统物采用的预报方法。１９９１年淮河干流洪水预报采用了降雨径流预报与上，下游站相应流量预防方法相配合，并注重实时水情分析；在行洪区多，行洪后水面宽广而比降又极小的河段的汇流计算，采用了以实测洪水资料绘制的经验蓄曲线为充分发挥的湖泊洪水演算方法。

The Flood Forecasting System for the Main Stream of the Huaihe Riverand Its Application in the Great Flood of 1991

This paper gives the general situation of the Huaihe River Basin,the flood forecasting system for the main stream of the Huaihe River and the forecasting method.In the flood forecasting for main stream of the Huaihe River in 1991,rainfall runoff forecasting was combined with the corresponding discharge forecasting at the downstream and up-stream stations, and real time flood information anslysing was paid attention to. As concerned as for the runoff concentration calculation for the reaches with more flood ways ,wide water surface and small slope after flooding,lake flood routing method was used based on the experiential channel storage curve which was drawn with the observed flood data.the great success was achieved in the forecasting for the two great floods in the main stream of the Huaihe River, which provided scientific basis for the decision making of flood prevention. the full utilization of the flood ways and flood storage basins according to the flood forecasting effectively decreased the water level of the flood peak in the main stream of the Huaihe River,which ensured safety of flood prevention and reduced flood disasters.