活动论构造古地理的研究现状、思路与方法*

古地理学是研究地质历史时期地球表面的自然地理的综合性科学,构造古地理学是研究地质历史时期地理单元的构造属性及其演变特征的科学。地球表面的山川、流域与盆地等自然地理单元受岩石圈板块水平运动与深部地幔动力学的联合控制。自然地理单元及其演变是内、外动力长期作用的综合结果。活动论构造古地理思想是在地球系统科学的活动论、演化论、阶段论与转换论观念下的自然延伸。整体、动态、综合分析是活动论构造古地理研究的基本方法;确定构造古地理单元的边界、属性、组成、结构与演变的“五定”原则是工作的具体步骤;搭建数据化、标准化和智能化的古地理重建平台是研究的重要途径。基于活动论构造古地理思想的原型盆地分析,是对原型盆地进行复位、复原与复变,揭示原型盆地的时—空结构;而活动论的源-汇系统分析是在地球系统观指导下的深、浅部结合的全链条、全过程综合研究。活动论构造古地理是研究地表过程和能源、资源矿产分布预测的重要基础。

Status,thinking,and methodology of studying on the mobile tectono-palaeogeography

Palaeogeography is an integrated science to study the physio-geography on the Earth surface during the geologic history. The tectono-palaeogeography is thus the science to study the geo-tectonic character and evolutionary process of the geographic units during the geologic history. Such physio-geographic units as the mountains,the catch areas,the routing systems,and the sedimentary basins are controlled by the coupling between the horizontal movements of the lithospheric plates and the vertical processes of the deep mantle. The thought on the mobile tectono-palaeogeography is the natural extension of the mobile,the evolutionary,the stage,and the transitionary concepts of the Earth system science. Its methodologies of its basic utilization is strengthened on the integrated,dynamic,and the comprehensive analyses. To define such five aspects as the boundary,attribute,composition,architecture,and the evolution is the critical steps,and the measures to build up the platform in a way of digitized,standardized,the automatic intelligent is an important course to realize it. The proto-type basin analysis based upon the thought on the mobile tectono-palaeogeography is to restore the real location,the initial status,and the practical process,and to disclose the spatial-temporal frameworks of the proto-type basins. The accordingly source-to-sink analysis is to study the all aspects,and the full processes under the guidance of the Earth system thought. The mobile tectono-palaeogeography is the key basis for the exploring the surface processes,and the appraisal of the energy,the resource,and the ore deposits.