1960-2003年新疆山区与平原积雪长期变化的对比分析

对新疆91个地面站44 a(1960-2003年)的>0 cm积雪日数、冬季最大积雪厚度、冬季降水量和冬季平均温度统计分析, 结果发现: 伴随着20世纪80年代以来明显的增温增湿变化, 新疆积雪呈轻度增长趋势, 90年代增加明显.积雪日数和厚度与冬季降水量呈正相关, 但与冬季平均温度没有明显相关关系.将91个地面站分成24个山区站和67个平原站的进一步分析表明, 山区积雪增幅大于平原, 而平原的冬季温度和降水增幅大于山区.60年代和90年代山区和平原呈两个相反方向的同步变化(60年代少雪、少降水和降温;90年代多雪、多降水和增温), 但幅度略有不同.70年代和80年代山区和平原无论积雪还是温度、降水量都呈现明显不同的变化.

Comparison Analysis of the Long-Term Variations of Snow Cover between Mountain and Plain Areas in Xinjiang Region from 1960 to 2003

This study investigates the changes and variability of the number of days with snow cover of 0 cm depth, the seasonal maximum snow cover depth, average air temperature and precipitation of winter at 91 meteorological stations throughout Xinjiang Region, spanning a period of 44 winter seasons (1960-2003). Accompanied by distinct warming and wetting from the 1980s, a slight increasing trend was observed with snow cover characteristics in most of Xinjiang Region during 1960-2003, especially during the 1990s. The snow cover changes are positively correlative to precipitation changes of winter seasons. However, the scale of the snow cover change is not related to the air temperature change, which has been found both in this paper and many previous studies demonstrating a statistically significant increasing trend in winter from the 1980s. Of the 91 stations, 24 are selected as mountain stations and other 67 as plain stations. It is found that there were some different changes between mountain and plain stations, such as much obvious increasing trends both in the number of days with snow cover and snow depth in mountain stations than that of in plain stations. On the other side, there were obvious warming and wetting trends in plain stations than those in mountain areas. However, there were two same trends but in adverse directions both in mountain and plain areas (less snow cover, less precipitation and lower temperature in winter during the 1960s and more snow cover, more precipitation and higher temperature in winters during the 1990s). But in the 1970s and 1980s, distinct changing differences of snow cover, air temperature and precipitation were detected between mountain and plain areas.