基于GIS的我国三次产业结构空间变化研究

我国的经济社会数据主要以各种级别的行政单元为统计对象,这往往会掩盖行政区域的内部差异,当区域内部差异较大时,这些数据就无法真实反映区域的经济社会实际情况。利用地理信息技术与分析方法,本文给出了经济统计数据空间离散模型,分别计算得到了1995、2000、2005年三个年份的我国第一、二、三产业增加值的空间离散数据(公里格网数据),并由此计算得出1995-2000年、2000-2005年两个时段的中国三次产业空间结构变化空间数据。与传统的以行政区为对象的产业结构数据相比,产业结构空间数据能够更好地反映各地的产业结构变化情况,更详细地表达产业结构的空间差异,为区域产业政策的制定以及区域科学发展评价提供依据。

GIS Based Study on the Spatial Variation of Industry Structure of China

Administrative unit based statistic economic and social data present the average status for certain social and economic index,and the inner uniformity is always neglected by many researchers.Based on geographic information technology,the paper introduces one method to calculate the spatial variation of industry structure of China from 1995 to 2005.The first,the second and the third industry spatial data based on 1km×1km cell were calculated by economic data discretization model given by the authors for the year of 1995,2000 and 2005 for China.Then,the spatial variations of industry structure were calculated based on another model in the year from 1995 to 2000,and from 2000 to 2005.The results show that the spatial variation analysis method introduced in the paper is much better than the statistic method in analyzing the industry structure spatial variation.The results calculated in the paper focus on the difference of industry ratio for each spatial unit（1km×1km） of China,and are easier to find the variation of industry structure for any small regions.Such as for the third industry ratio variation,from 2000 to 2005,the region with an increasing third industry ratio is much larger than that with a decreasing third industry ratio,and the region where the third industry ratio increase 0~10% is 68.5% of the total statistic region（whole China）,while the region with a decreasing third industry ratio is only 11% of the total statistic region.From 1995 to 2000,however,the region where the third industry ratio decrease is much larger than that where the third industry ratio increase,the region where the third industry ratio decrease 0~10% is 84.7% of the total statistic region（whole China）,the region decrease 10%~20% is 8.9% of the total statistic region,and the region where the third industry ratio increase is only 5.8% of the total statistic region.Those results are more valuable and necessary for decision-making in the filed of industry structure,and for regional scientific development evaluations.