钙华洞穴的形成与保护

钙华洞穴是由钙华或钙华与碳酸盐岩共同形成的封闭或半封闭的空间。按成因,钙华洞穴可分为沉淀型(建造型)和岩溶型(改造型)两种类型。沉淀型钙华洞穴是钙化瀑布发育过程中的产物,是由于水量的分异和流态的变化造成不同位置上CaCO3 沉积量的差异而出现洞穴空间雏型并经进一步发展形成;岩溶型钙华洞穴则是钙华体在溶蚀过程中伴有不同程度的塌陷和再造所致。钙华洞穴小巧玲珑,景观精美奇特,具有较高的观赏性,但由于钙华洞穴的顶板较薄,使其具有较多的不稳定性。另外,洞内的次生碳酸钙形态极易被污染破坏。因此在开发利用时,应对钙华洞穴的稳定性进行科学评价,并加强洞穴生态环境的保护和监测工作。 

FORMATION AND PROTECTION OF TRAVERTINE CAVE

Travertine cave is completely closed or semi-closed space formed by travertine or travertine and carbonate rocks. It can be classified into deposited type (constructed type) and karst type (reformed type) by the developing mechanism. Deposited travertine cave is the product during the travertine waterfall being formed. It is formed in cave space crimple produced by the difference of calcium carbonate sediment in different location, which is caused by the change of water differentiation and water flowing condition. Karst travertine cave is developed in tufa body by erosion with collapse and reconstruction to some extent. Travertine cave is little in scale and beautiful in landscape, of high value for sightseeing. But it is much more unstable because of thin cave ceiling and is easily destroyed by pollution. So, its stability should be evaluated scientifically and its ecological environment protection and monitoring should be enhanced when it is being exploited.