水环境约束分区与空间开发引导研究——以无锡市为例

基于区域开发与水环境保护的相互作用关系,本文根据河湖水环境质量要求对地区开发的约束影响,分析水环境约束的区域差异及相应区域开发中水污染物排放的控制.以无锡市为例,综合考虑河湖水文及流域地貌等自然地理要素,将全市域划分为两个一级环境单元区.34个二级子环境单元区,作为水环境约束评价的基本单元;选择河湖水体使用功能、水体通达性、水质目标和引水通道、地貌特征等要素作为表征水环境约束的评价因子,运用GIS空间分析和统计分析方法,综合评价全市域水环境约束的等级分区.以此作为空间开发引导的依据,其中水环境约束较弱的地区可以适当布局水污染物排放量较大的生产生活项目.而水环境约束较强的地区需要严格控制乃至禁止水污染物排放量大的项目建设.

Regionalization of water environmental risk and spatial development guidance: a case study of Wuxi City

Based on the relationship between regional development and water environment protect and affection of water environment quality of river and lake on regional development, the paper analysed regional disparity of water environmental risk and controlling of water pollution discharge in regional development. Taking Wuxi as a case, comprehensively considering physical geographical factors such as river and lake hydrological condition, watershed geomorphic condition etc, the whole city had been divided into two sections of the first grade environmental cells, thirty four sections of the second grade environment sub-cells, as estimating cells of water environmental risk. According to the relationships between land development and change of water environments, several factors had been selected, such as function of water utilization, connecting condition to water body (Lake Taihu, Yangtze River, etc) outside, water quality needs and the channels of leading water, and geomorphic condition for evaluating and regionalize the risk of water environments for four grads by using GIS spatial analyzing and statistic analyzing methods. As a result, the area with big risk of water environments would not allow the development of water polluting factory and inhabitant quarter. It could be the one of guidances for the spatial development.