GPS单站定位的误差改正模型研究

GPS单站定位的作业方式、外业组织观测和数据处理等比较简单,同时,由于采用观测值不同、观测时间长短不同、定位模式和数据处理方式不同,其精度可以从毫米级到米级不等,实际应用中以伪距单点定位和精密单点定位为主.GPS单站定位不能通过求差方式来消除或消弱各项误差,为提高其定位精度,必须研究各项误差的改正模型,以便对其进行精细改正.本文用2010年10月31日CHAN站24小时的观测数据,确定各项误差在一天中的影响大小和变化规律,研究结果对精密单点定位的误差研究和GPs定位误差的教学工作等都有参考意义.

Research of single-station GPS positioning error correction model

GPS single-station positioning operation mode,field organization observation and data processing are comparatively simple,meanwhile,due to the fact that different observations,different lengths of observation time,different positioning mode and data processing are adopted,its accuracy can range from mm to m level,pseudorange point positioning and precise point positioning are mainly applied to practical situation.GPS single-station positioning can not eliminate or reduce errors by subtraction,in order to improve its positioning accuracy;it’s required that all correction models concerning errors be studied for the sake of precise correction.The paper used 24 hours observation data of CHAN station on Oct 31,2010 to determine the effect and the implications of the errors within one day.This exerts referential meanings on precise point positioning error study and GPS positioning errors in teaching.